{"id":10439,"date":"2022-10-03T10:09:56","date_gmt":"2022-10-03T04:39:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/?p=10439"},"modified":"2023-03-30T17:48:06","modified_gmt":"2023-03-30T12:18:06","slug":"stroke-and-pk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/stroke-and-pk\/","title":{"rendered":"Stroke and PK"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"10439\" class=\"elementor elementor-10439\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b943411 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b943411\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3f03dc3\" data-id=\"3f03dc3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aaa91e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aaa91e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.12.1 - 02-04-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Myth:<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5807f92 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5807f92\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Assisted communication can be introduced too soon after a stroke or brain trauma.<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aaea198 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aaea198\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is assisted communication?<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-663e0d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"663e0d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Assisted communication (in the following text PK) means tools and techniques that are used independently or in combination to support communication in people who have communication difficulties , for example, their speech cannot be understood or they have difficulties in expressing themselves. PK includes communication techniques without aids (eg pointing, gestures), low-tech aids (eg communication books and boards) and high-tech communication devices (eg devices and computers with speech output).<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-426b830 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"426b830\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stroke and traumatic brain injury<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cd5a17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6cd5a17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PK can be used in people who have suffered a stroke or traumatic brain injury. A stroke is a neurological disorder that occurs suddenly due to circulatory disorders in the brain and leads certain parts of the brain to an insufficient supply of oxygen and nutrients. As a result, various damages and\/or death of brain cells occur, which leads to disruption of the functions that these parts of the brain manage. Traumatic brain injury occurs when an external mechanical force (eg a blow to the head with a blunt object) acts on the brain and leads to damage to certain functions. <\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e14066 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4e14066\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.12.1 - 02-04-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Photo-by-Robina-Weermeijer-on-Unsplash-1024x576-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-10465\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Photo-by-Robina-Weermeijer-on-Unsplash-1024x576-1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Photo-by-Robina-Weermeijer-on-Unsplash-1024x576-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Photo-by-Robina-Weermeijer-on-Unsplash-1024x576-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Photo-by-Robina-Weermeijer-on-Unsplash-1024x576-1-820x461.jpg 820w, https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Photo-by-Robina-Weermeijer-on-Unsplash-1024x576-1-177x100.jpg 177w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ad6005 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7ad6005\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\">Photo by Robina Weermeijer on Unsplash<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc56614 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bc56614\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PK should be introduced after such events, but what is the expert's opinion about the time period in which access to PK should be enabled?  Beukelman, Garrett and Yorkston (2007) say:<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34d8542 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"34d8542\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\" It is wrong to wait months to decide whether these people will regain their natural speech and language sufficiently to be able to communicate. As they reevaluate their priorities in ways that will affect them for the rest of their lives, waiting will do them no good.\u201d<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83f7a14 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"83f7a14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Port<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35be564 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"35be564\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is the typical time period within which PK is enabled after brain trauma or stroke? We will follow a hypothetical but typical patient named Luka . Due to an inadequate approach to the use of PK, Luka will not develop his communication skills.<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a651959 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a651959\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/TobiiDynavox_ICU_screen-1024x683-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-10484\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/TobiiDynavox_ICU_screen-1024x683-1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/TobiiDynavox_ICU_screen-1024x683-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/TobiiDynavox_ICU_screen-1024x683-1-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fddd8e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1fddd8e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\">Photo by Tobii Dynavox<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0e92a9 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"d0e92a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/css\/widget-icon-list.min.css\">\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Luka had a stroke or suffered some other brain injury.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Luka cannot speak during hospitalization. They gave him a simple communication board on which the basic needs were marked. In addition to that board, he is also asked many questions to which he must answer with \"yes\" or \"no\".<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">When transferred to a rehabilitation facility, Luka's communication board remains the same .<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Luka can speak a little again, but it includes a few names, \"yes\" and \"no\". Just before he was discharged home, the communication board was expanded to a book with pages where messages were organized by categories such as meals, places, activities and basic needs.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Word positions in the communication book were determined during home care and then in a specialized institution. Five or six other goals are also set.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Luka gives up his communication book because it is difficult to search (find what he wants to say in the book), and when he does find the right page, it does not always contain messages suitable for the situation. Luka primarily communicates with limited natural speech, gestures and pointing, which may or may not be effective. He often depends on his communication partner (family, therapist, etc.) to ask the right questions.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Luka is no longer progressing on outpatient therapy and has been discharged to home care. Over the next six months (and possibly a year), he regained some speech, but not enough for his communication needs. Luka is increasingly frustrated .<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Luka's family is looking for other ways to help him communicate (like a communication device). His wife makes an appointment with his old speech therapist.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Luka's therapist conducts an assessment and recommends the introduction of a communication device .<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-986a243 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"986a243\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Of course, there are variations from country to country, differences in the sequence and duration of events, depending on factors such as the degree of speech return, the willingness of the client and his family to use PK as a temporary or permanent means of communication, and the speech therapist's knowledge of PK.<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e1faba elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4e1faba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">What assumptions arise from Luka's case?<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa1495b elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"fa1495b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">PK is at best the first aid, and at worst the last choice.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">PK will interfere with the return of speech.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">PK is not part of the therapy.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5585bae elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5585bae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Let's consider each of these assumptions.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f628b7e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f628b7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Photo-by-Amy-Hirschi-on-Unsplash-1024x683-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-10509\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Photo-by-Amy-Hirschi-on-Unsplash-1024x683-1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Photo-by-Amy-Hirschi-on-Unsplash-1024x683-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Photo-by-Amy-Hirschi-on-Unsplash-1024x683-1-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf3c9ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cf3c9ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\">Photo by Amy Hirschi on Unsplash<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8d97ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d8d97ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PK is at best the first aid, and at worst the last choice<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a569af2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a569af2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Many use PK as a first aid to solve the problem of communication until the return of speech. Others reach for PK only when it seems that all other methods of communication have failed. On the contrary, Fager, Doyle, and Krantounis (2007) state that PK should be used from the beginning of rehabilitation , to promote communication itself and as a solution for difficulties in speech and language skills:<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06e005b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"06e005b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\"Assisted communication is a dynamic process in the recovery of an individual that is constantly developing, complementing and facilitating therapy . Assisted communication can be an important therapy tool, but also an auxiliary mechanism on the way to functional communication. It is important to consider assisted communication as part of therapy, not as an alternative or last resort.\"<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed01b8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ed01b8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PK is a valid way of communication that we all use in different circumstances. Just as it is part of my and your communication system, it should also be part of the communication system of an individual after brain trauma or stroke, from the very beginning, but also later in constant use.<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46df8d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"46df8d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">PK will interfere with the return of speech.<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8aa9a46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8aa9a46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">It is important to emphasize that it is completely natural and justified to hope and work for the return of speech. People who have suffered trauma or stroke are used to communicating effectively through speech. They used to not have to struggle with problems such as struggling to find the right words, difficulty understanding the interlocutor, putting sentences together or shaping the articulators (e.g. lips or tongue) to pronounce words correctly.<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-356a9dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"356a9dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">However, PK will not prevent the return of natural speech . Moreover, research shows that the use of PK promotes improvements in communication and language skills (Schlosser & Wendt, 2008; Millar, Light, & Schlosser, 2006). <\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06cb3e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"06cb3e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Since PK does not interfere with the return of speech abilities, it can be used together with speech for even greater progress in communication. The fact is that we all communicate in many different ways. We speak, gesture, change facial expressions and use body language. We point to things, pictures and signs in our environment, type messages and print pieces of paper.<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de5b3a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"de5b3a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">We all use forms of PK in our everyday life, and how much you and I use it depends on the functionality of our speech and the environment. PK will be used more in situations when we should not speak (in the cinema or during a ceremony), when we cannot speak (because we are sick) or when we communicate with a person who does not understand us very well (such as a small child or a person who speaks another language).<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f54f65 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9f54f65\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A person who has experienced a trauma or a stroke, after which there was a loss of the ability to speak, will not use PK as much as we do, but, just like us, because of PK, they will not exclude other forms of communication, but will use it together with them . Thus, PK will be used in the appropriate situation, by speaking in another, by gesturing again when the situation dictates it, and so on. Often all these different forms of communication are used in the same conversation!<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76c41ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"76c41ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PK is not part of speech therapy.<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e0adce elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8e0adce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">This could be concluded by individuals who do not consider the consistent use of PK as part of speech therapy. They probably don't realize that therapy that focuses on PK is actually language therapy that uses an alternative or additional way of language production.<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df1eaeb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"df1eaeb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Speech therapists understand that this is part of their work, and the American Speech Language Hearing Association ( ASHA ; the umbrella organization of speech therapists in the USA) provides various information about the role of speech therapists in the use of PK with people who have speech difficulties.<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ccda36f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ccda36f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What are the possible outcomes of this sequence of events for the individual?<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c45f82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5c45f82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">In some cases, the individual's speech improves to the point where it is quite functional. However, this does not always happen, and when it does, there can sometimes be a setback in speech expression. In the period when the speech is not functional, we can observe:<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-baf8b24 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"baf8b24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Increasing frustration with communication among individuals and their communication partners.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Depression and\/or withdrawal from social situations.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-dot-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Resistance to PK when it was finally offered. <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4574c8d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4574c8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"684\" src=\"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Photo-by-Toimetaja-tolkeburoo-on-Unsplash-1024x684-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-10570\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Photo-by-Toimetaja-tolkeburoo-on-Unsplash-1024x684-1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Photo-by-Toimetaja-tolkeburoo-on-Unsplash-1024x684-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/Photo-by-Toimetaja-tolkeburoo-on-Unsplash-1024x684-1-768x513.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0cbc13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a0cbc13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\">Photo by Toimetaja translation agency on Unsplash.<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fdbdcee elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fdbdcee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">How can we improve these results with the help of assisted communication?<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f90de1a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f90de1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Encourage and model multimodal communication.<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31dbad7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31dbad7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">When we communicate with a person who has communication difficulties, we should encourage him to use multimodal communication by using it ourselves . We have to point to objects and people to replace speech, use the person's communication book or board, gesturing, facial expression and body language. In doing so, we demonstrate that these methods of communication are valuable and useful. We also provide valuable information on how to communicate using non-verbal methods. <\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b9e2ade elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b9e2ade\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PK is used in therapy from the very beginning and during the entire therapeutic process<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aff6877 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aff6877\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Scherz (2005) states: \"In terms of choosing when to make a recommendation for an assistive communication system, we need to present different options multiple times during the rehabilitation process.\" Introducing PK during treatment provides opportunities for successful use, increases the individual's more successful habituation to PK, and reduces impression that PK is the last selection.<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b68fce1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b68fce1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How can PK be used in therapy? PK tools and strategies can be used to work on improving or compensating for areas where a person has difficulty. In a typical activity, a rating scale can be used so that a person can express how strenuous the activity is. With the help of photos or albums on the device, users can talk about their family. A communication device can be used to ask questions of the therapist. The functional use of PK makes it a daily part of an individual's life and allows individuals to get used to the idea of \u200b\u200busing its tools and strategies.<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fea14b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fea14b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Due to the positive impact of PK on language and communication, Ansel and Weinrich (2002) advocate that \"the introduction of the principle of assisted communication in the treatment of aphasia should not be left for the final stages of rehabilitation, but must be included in the entire process\". Of course, PK should be used in conjunction with the remaining ability to speak and other forms of communication.<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4c3596 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f4c3596\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Discard the false belief that because of PK the person will not speak<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c7d444 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6c7d444\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">People who have experienced head trauma or stroke, as well as those around them, often feel significant loss due to changes in social roles and relationships with others. People want to regain their ability to speak because of the ease and clarity of communication, but also because it is a means of returning to former social roles and relationships. It is important that we reject the belief that because of PK a person will not speak, and that an individual cannot return to their social roles if they cannot speak.<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d74bc3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0d74bc3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The introduction of assisted communication at the beginning of the rehabilitation process is absolutely recommended. It has been proven to help maintain functional communication and participation in therapeutic activities.<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-915c933 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"915c933\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/CM7C1501-1024x683-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-10604\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/CM7C1501-1024x683-1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/CM7C1501-1024x683-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/CM7C1501-1024x683-1-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8bf942c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8bf942c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-small\">Photo by Tobii Dynavox<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c75bc2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1c75bc2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">LITERATURE:<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f70b9d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f70b9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"> Ansel, B. and Weinrich, M. (2002) Computerized approach to communication retraining after stroke. Current Atherosclerosis Reports , 4 (291-295).<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4158ce7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4158ce7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Beukelman, D., Garrett, K., & Yorkston, K. (2007). Augmentative communication strategies for adults with acute or chronic medical conditions. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing. (12).<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9030d75 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9030d75\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fager, S., Doyle, M. and Karantounis, R. (2007). Traumatic brain injury. In D. Beukelman, K. Garrett, & K. Yorkston (Eds.), Augmentative Communication Strategies for adults with acute or chronic medical conditions (pp. 131-162). Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes.<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d58127 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4d58127\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Garrett K. and Beukelman D. (1992). Augmentative communication approaches for the person with severe aphasia. In Augmentative Communication in the Medical Setting. Editor Yorkston K. Tucson: Communications Skill Builders.<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bbd3f8f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bbd3f8f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Millar, DC, Light, JC and Schlosser, RW (2006). The Impact of Augmentative and Alternative Communication Intervention on the Speech Production of Individuals With Developmental Disabilities: A Research Review. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research , 49, 248-264.<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6dd584c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6dd584c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Schertz, J. (2005) Communication and Active Participation (Caregiver) Issues. Augmentative and Alternative Communication , 14(3), 20-21.<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8fd3a3e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8fd3a3e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Schlosser, RW and Wendt, O. (2008). Effects of Augmentative and Alternative Communication Intervention on Speech Production in Children With Autism: A Systematic Review. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 17, 212-230. <\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3df2389 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3df2389\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"101\" src=\"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/tobii-dynavox-logo_edit-300x101.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9973\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/tobii-dynavox-logo_edit-300x101.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/tobii-dynavox-logo_edit-768x259.jpg 768w, https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/tobii-dynavox-logo_edit.jpg 794w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-052d62b elementor-button-success elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"052d62b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/contact\/\" class=\"elementor-button-link elementor-button elementor-size-lg\" role=\"button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Send Inquiry<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Myth: Assisted communication can be introduced too soon after a stroke or brain trauma. What is assisted communication? Assisted communication (in the following text PK) means tools and techniques that are used independently or in combination to support communication in people who have communication difficulties , for example, their speech cannot be understood or they [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[47],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10439"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10439"}],"version-history":[{"count":196,"href":"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10439\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10640,"href":"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10439\/revisions\/10640"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10439"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10439"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aacvirast.com\/accNew\/accvirast\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10439"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}